It may have arisen in the Neolithic period in response to animal husbandry, rising populations and population specialisation. It may be that it arose independently in more than one place, but there is evidence that it was practiced as far back as 4,000 BC based on descriptions in the cult of Ishtar and Uruk. It is unknown when castration was first practiced, nor where it was invented. 1560, Sala di Cosimo I, Palazzo Vecchio, Florence) History The Castration of Uranus: fresco by Vasari & Cristofano Gherardi (c. In some cultures, and in some translations, no distinction is made between the two. The term castration may also be sometimes used to refer to emasculation where both the testicles and the penis are removed together. Castration of animals is intended to favor a desired development of the animal or of its habits, as an anaphrodisiac or to prevent overpopulation. Estrogen levels drop following oophorectomy, and long-term effects of the reduction of sex hormones are significant throughout the body. The equivalent of castration for female animals is spaying. The term castration is sometimes also used to refer to the removal of the ovaries in the female, otherwise known as an oophorectomy, or the removal of internal testes, otherwise known as gonadectomy. Surgical castration in animals is often called neutering. Castration causes sterilization (preventing the castrated person or animal from reproducing) it also greatly reduces the production of hormones, such as testosterone and estrogen. Surgical castration is bilateral orchiectomy (excision of both testicles), while chemical castration uses pharmaceutical drugs to deactivate the testes. Castration is any action, surgical, chemical, or otherwise, by which a male loses use of the testicles: the male gonad.
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